phụ từ
Definition
- Noun:
- Adjunct: In linguistics, "phụ từ" is a grammatical term referring to a word or phrase that provides additional information to another element in a sentence but is not essential to the sentence's core structure. It modifies or supplements the meaning of a verb, adjective, or another adverb.
Usage Examples
- Noun:
- Trong câu "Cô ấy chạy rất nhanh", từ "rất" là một phụ từ. (In the sentence "She runs very fast," the word "very" is an adjunct.)
- "Phụ từ" thường bổ nghĩa cho động từ hoặc tính từ. ("Adjuncts" often modify verbs or adjectives.)
Advanced Usage
- Distinguishing from Core Elements: An adjunct ("phụ từ") can often be removed without making the sentence grammatically incorrect, unlike complements.
- Câu "Anh ấy ăn cơm (ở nhà hàng)" vẫn đúng nếu bỏ phụ từ "ở nhà hàng". (The sentence "He eats rice (at the restaurant)" is still correct if the adjunct "at the restaurant" is removed.)
Variants and Related Words
- Bổ ngữ (Complement): A core grammatical element that completes the meaning of a verb, unlike an adjunct.
- Trạng từ (Adverb): A common part of speech that can function as an adjunct, providing information about manner, place, time, etc.
Synonyms
- Từ bổ nghĩa (Modifier): A general term for words that modify others.
- Thành phần phụ (Peripheral element): A grammatical component that is not part of the core clause structure.
Related Phrases (if applicable)
- Cụm phụ từ (Adjunct phrase): A phrase functioning as an adjunct.
- "Vào sáng sớm" trong câu "Vào sáng sớm, thành phố rất yên tĩnh" là một cụm phụ từ. ("In the early morning" in the sentence "In the early morning, the city is very quiet" is an adjunct phrase.)
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(ngôn ngữ) Adjunct
